CONSTITUTION OF THE EUROPEAN BLIND UNION
Adopted at the Founding Assembly
in Hurdal, Norway, 27 August 1984
Amended
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at the 2nd General Assembly at Varna, Bulgaria, 3-5 June 1987
at the 4th General Assembly at Ustron, Poland, 7-9 October 1993
at the 5th General Assembly at Giardini Naxos, Italy, 6-9 November 1996
at the 6th General Assembly at Prague, Czech Republic, 24-27 November 1999
at the 7th General Assembly at Athens, Greece, 26-28 November 2003
at the 8th General Assembly at Antalya, Turkey, 24-26 October 2007.
CONTENTS
Article I -- NAME, STATUS, LOCATION, DEFINITIONS, OFFICIAL LANGUAGES AND PROPER LAW
Section 1 -- Name
Section 2 -- Status
Section 3 -- Location
Section 4 -- Definitions
Section 5 -- Official languages
Section 6 -- Proper Law
Article II -- OBJECTS AND POWERS
Section 1 -- Objects
Section 2 -- Powers
Article III -- MEMBERSHIP
Section 1 -- Classes
Section 2 -- National Members
Section 3 -- Honorary Life Members
Section 4 -- Associate Members
Section 5 -- Sponsoring Members
Section 6 -- Cooperation agreements
Article IV -- GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Section 1 -- Status
Section 2 -- Composition
Section 3 -- Meetings
Section 4 -- Proceedings
Section 5 -- Quorum and Voting
Article V -- THE BOARD
Section 1 -- Composition
Section 2 -- Powers
Section 3 -- Meetings and voting
Section 4 -- The Secretary General
Section 5 -- Powers of Officers
Article VI -- COMMISSIONS, COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS
Section 1 -- Commissions
Section 2 -- Committees
Section 3 -- Working Groups
Section 4 -- Powers of Commissions, Committees and Working Groups
Section 5 -- The Nominations Committee
Section 6 -- The Credentials Committee
Article VII -- FINANCE
Section 1 -- Financial Year
Section 2 -- Membership Contribution
Section 3 -- Accounts
Section 4 -- President's Powers
Section 5 -- Financial Policy
Article VIII -- AMENDMENTS AND DISSOLUTION
Section 1 -- Amendments
Section 2 -- Dissolution
Article IX -- MISCELLANEOUS
Section 1 -- Meetings, decisions and modes of communication
Section 2 -- Notices
Section 3 -- Execution of documents
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CONSTITUTION OF THE EUROPEAN BLIND UNION
ARTICLE I -- NAME, STATUS, LOCATION, DEFINITIONS, OFFICIAL LANGUAGES AND
PROPER LAW
Section 1 -- Name
The name of the organization shall be "European Blind Union" (EBU), representing all blind and partially sighted persons in Europe.
Section 2 -- Status
EBU is a non-governmental, non-profit-making organization, and is a regional union of the World Blind Union. It is registered in France under the laws of the French Republic.
Section 3 -- Location
The headquarters of EBU shall be in Paris, France, or at such place as may be decided by the Board.
Section 4 -- Definitions
In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise requires, the following
expressions shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them:
"National member" has the meaning assigned to it by Section 2 in Article III
of this Constitution.
"Organization" means an organization of the blind and/or partially sighted
or an organization for the blind and/or partially sighted.
"Organization of the blind and/or partially sighted" means a body
representative of blind and/or partially sighted people having a substantial
number of members and with a majority of its membership consisting of blind
and/or partially sighted persons, and having a governing body with a
majority of blind and/or partially sighted persons elected by the membership
at regular intervals.
"Organization for the blind and/or partially sighted" means a body
established for providing goods, services and facilities for blind and/or
partially sighted people whether or not some of its members or of its
governing body are blind and/or partially sighted.
Section 5 -- Official languages
The official languages of EBU shall be English, French, German and Russian.
Unless otherwise agreed, the working language for meetings of the Board and
of the Commissions shall be English.
The English version of this Constitution shall be the juridical version.
Section 6 -- Proper Law
In the event of dispute, the provisions of this Constitution shall be interpreted according to the law of France.
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ARTICLE II -- OBJECTS AND POWERS
Section 1 -- Objects
The objects of EBU are:
1.1 To enable the blind and partially sighted people of Europe to join
together to express their views and aspirations and take collective action,
in accordance with democratically adopted decisions, to protect and promote
their human, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights; to
enhance their self-esteem and enable them to realise their full potential;
and to represent their interests.
1.2 To promote the advancement of blind and partially sighted people,
including those with additional impairments, with the goal of achieving
their equal rights as citizens and full participation in society, if
necessary by special legal or administrative measures.
1.3 To provide a European forum for exchange of knowledge and experience in
the field of blindness and partial sight.
1.4 To promote the prevention and cure of blindness and partial sight.
1.5 To strive for equal representation and participation of gender and age
in its activities and in particular in the selection by National Members of
delegations to the General Assembly, in elections to the Board and
committees and in appointments to commissions, committees and working
groups.
1.6 To co-operate with and support blind and partially sighted people and
their organizations in countries outside Europe.
1.7 To seek to achieve equalisation of opportunities for all women and all
men with disabilities, especially men and women who are blind or partially
sighted, in all areas of life; to oppose and seek to eliminate
discrimination against disabled people in all its forms; and to promote
positive action to meet their needs whenever appropriate.
Section 2 -- Powers
To achieve its objects, EBU shall have the following powers:
2.1 To foster and assist organizations working in the field of blind and
partially sighted welfare throughout Europe.
2.2 To promote improvements in the living standards and quality of life of
blind and partially sighted people throughout Europe, particularly in the
fields of education, health, welfare, social security, rehabilitation,
vocational training, employment, sports and recreation, culture, access to
information, technology, mobility and transport and in any other field
deemed expedient.
2.3 In collaboration with national members, to lobby national governments
and other national and international organizations in support of policies
and programmes benefiting blind and partially sighted people, and to advise
and assist them in their implementation.
2.4 To provide for and encourage the exchange of information and experience
between organizations of and for blind and partially sighted people and
other bodies in Europe.
2.5 To encourage and carry out research in all fields of blindness and
partial sight.
2.6 To collect and disseminate information on the conditions of blind and
partially sighted people in Europe, and to promote enlightened attitudes
towards them.
2.7 To provide necessary technical and material assistance to national
members in furthering the objects of EBU.
2.8 To raise money to enable it to carry out its objects.
2.9 To hold land, maintain offices, employ staff and enter into contracts
with third parties to enable it to pursue its objects.
2.10 To take any other action necessary to achieve the objects of EBU.
Article III -- Membership
Section 1 -- Classes
Membership shall consist of the following classes:
(a) National members;
(b) Honorary Life members;
(c) Associate members;
(d) Sponsoring members.
Section 2 -- National Members
2.1 National Membership shall be open to an organization representing blind
and/or partially sighted people in any country situated wholly or partly in
Europe recognized as an independent state by the United Nations (such
organization being referred to in this Constitution as "the national
member"):
Provided that:
2.1.1 The national members at the time of the adoption of this provision shall be those which have been admitted by the Board and any future national member shall not become a national member until admitted by the Board.
2.1.2 If in any country more than one organization aims to represent blind and/or partially sighted people, those organizations shall form a consortium for that purpose, jointly being the national member for that country. The consortium shall, for all the purposes of this constitution, be the national member.
2.2 Each national member shall be represented by up to six delegates. The
national member shall notify the Secretary General of the names and
addresses of the persons who are from time to time delegates, and the
Secretary General shall keep those names and addresses on a register which
shall be available for inspection by any national member. A person shall be
deemed to continue to be a delegate until he/she dies or notification that
he/she has been replaced reaches the Secretary General. Without prejudice to
the right of a national member to replace a delegate by giving notice as
above, every national member shall notify the Secretary General of the names
and addresses of its delegates not less than three months before the date
fixed for the beginning of a general assembly. Every notice given under
these provisions shall be copied to the director of EBU Office.
2.3 Not less than fifty per cent of the delegates of any national member
shall represent organizations of the blind and/or partially sighted in the
country which the national member represents.
2.4 If in any country a dispute arises as to which organization or
consortium of organizations should be its national member, the Board shall
use its best endeavours to achieve a friendly settlement. In default of such
settlement the Board shall decide which organization or consortium shall be
the national member.
Section 3 -- Honorary Life Members
Honorary life membership may be conferred by the General Assembly on any individual (proposed by a national member or by the Board) who has rendered outstanding service either to EBU or to blind people in Europe. An Honorary Life Member shall be entitled to attend meetings of the General Assembly and the expenses of attendance shall be defrayed by EBU.
Section 4 -- Associate Members
Associate membership may be conferred by the Board on any body which
subscribes to the objects of the EBU:
Provided that:
4.1 the Board shall not confer associate membership on any body until after
consultation with the national member representing the country of residence
of the body; and
4.2 the Board shall report to the next General Assembly that it has
conferred associate membership on a body. The General Assembly may then
ratify or rescind the Board's decision. Until such ratification, such
associate membership shall be provisional only.
Section 5 -- Sponsoring Members
Sponsoring membership may be conferred by the Board on any individual or
body agreeing to make substantial financial contributions to the EBU, the
amount to be determined by the General Assembly:
Provided that:
5.1 the Board shall not confer sponsoring membership on any individual or
body until after consultation with the national member representing the
country of residence of the individual or body; and
5.2 the Board shall report to the General Assembly that it has conferred
sponsoring membership on an individual or body. The General Assembly may
then ratify or rescind the Board's decision. Until such ratification, such
sponsoring membership shall be provisional only.
Section 6 -- Cooperation agreements
If the Board considers it appropriate, it may on behalf of EBU enter into a
cooperation agreement with a country not eligible to become a national
member of EBU And the cooperation agreement may confer such rights and
impose such obligations as the Board may consider reasonable and necessary
to meet the circumstances of the case:
Provided that the Board may not under this clause confer on a non-European
country any right limited in this constitution to national members
(including voting rights).
ARTICLE IV -- GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Section 1 -- Status
The General Assembly shall have the supreme control and superintendence of
the affairs of EBU and shall have full power to take such action as in its
discretion it thinks desirable in matters affecting the work and interests
of EBU:
Provided that the General Assembly may not invalidate any action of the
Board lawfully carried out by it.
Section 2 -- Composition
The General Assembly shall consist of:
2.1 Up to six delegates from each national member,
Provided that if a national member sends only two delegates to a general
assembly, they shall be of different genders; if it sends three delegates,
one shall be of a different gender from the others; if it sends four or more
delegates, at least two shall be of a different gender from the others
and Provided that a delegate shall be a member or officer of the
organization appointing him/her.
2.2 Honorary Life members.
2.3 Associate members.
2.4 Persons who are members of the Board immediately before commencement of
the General Assembly.
Observers may, with the approval of a majority of the delegates of the
national member representing the country where they reside, be invited to
attend the General Assembly by the President or by the Board of EBU.
Section 3 -- Meetings
3.1 The President or his/her nominated substitute shall preside at meetings
of the General Assembly.
3.2 An ordinary meeting of the General Assembly shall take place every four
years.
3.3 An extraordinary meeting of the General Assembly may be convened by the
President or by the Board or by one-third of the national members.
3.4 Notice of any meeting of the General Assembly shall be given to national
members, honorary life members and associate members not less than three
months before the date of the meeting.
3.5 Notice of any motion and its text which a national member desires to
move at a meeting of the General Assembly must be sent to the Secretary
General to reach him/her at least three months before the date of the
meeting for him/her to distribute with the notice of the meeting.
3.6 Nominations for office which must be supported in writing by a majority
of the delegates of the national member representing the country where the
nominee resides must be sent to the Secretary General to reach him not later
than three months before the date of the meeting.
3.7 The Secretary General shall not less than one month before the meeting
send to each national member, honorary life member and associate member an
agenda including Notices of Motion submitted to him/her under paragraph 3.5
above.
3.8 The President, after consulting the Board, may accept a Notice of Motion
for debate which has not been sent to the Secretary General in accordance
with paragraph 3.5 above if in his/her opinion the motion is of an urgent
nature and delaying its debate might seriously prejudice the interests of
the Union.
3.9 The President shall only accept a nomination moved at the General
Assembly if satisfied that such nomination is necessary to ensure that a
vacancy is filled.
Section 4 -- Proceedings
4.1 The General Assembly shall determine the general policies to be adopted
by the EBU towards achieving its objects.
4.2 The General Assembly shall:
4.2.1 Consider, approve, reject or refer back the recommendations submitted to it by the Board.
4.2.2 Receive and consider the report of the Board on its work and reports of commissions on their work and the report of the Nominations Committee.
4.2.3 Consider and approve the Treasurer's Report and the Budget of the EBU.
4.2.4 Determine the rate of membership contributions.
4.2.5 Elect the Board, three members who, with the President or one of the Vice-Presidents, will represent the EBU on the Executive Committee of the World Blind Union, the Nominations Committee for the next succeeding General Assembly, and any ad hoc committee which the General Assembly considers it necessary to elect. All elections shall take place on the basis of nominations submitted by national members and the report of the Nominations Committee.
4.2.6 The Secretary General shall forward all nominations for office to the chair of the Nominations Committee, for consideration by it. In its report to the general assembly the committee shall state whether or not nominations so forwarded comply with the provisions and conditions for nominations set out in Article IV, Section 3.6. In their deliberations they shall only take into account valid nominations.
4.2.7 Consider motions to the General Assembly.
4.2.8 Adopt and amend the Constitution of the EBU.
4.2.9 Decide on the dissolution of the EBU.
Section 5 -- Quorum and Voting
5.1 Representatives of 51 per cent or more of national members shall
constitute a quorum for a meeting of the General Assembly.
5.2 Only national members and Board members are entitled to vote at meetings
of the General Assembly. National members are entitled to six votes and may
be represented by up to six delegates. The national delegate or delegates
present have the right to cast all six votes of the national member.
5.3 Except as provided by Article VIII, all questions shall be determined by
a majority of the votes cast.
5.4 Voting may be by acclaim (viva voce), by roll call, by show of hands or,
if twenty per cent of the delegates present so demand, by secret ballot. In
the case of elections when there is more than one candidate for one office,
voting shall be by secret ballot.
5.5 If there are more than two candidates for one office, and in a first or
later ballot no candidate obtains an absolute majority of the votes cast, a
further ballot or ballots shall be held in which the smallest number of
candidates (starting with the candidate who topped the poll and proceeding
one by one downwards) who together polled fifty percent or more of the votes
in the preceding ballot shall participate until a candidate with an absolute
majority emerges.
5.6 In the event of an equality of votes on a Notice of Motion, the
President shall have the casting vote. In the event of an equality of votes
arising in an election, the matter shall be decided by casting lots.
ARTICLE V -- THE BOARD
Section 1 -- Composition
1.1 A Board shall be elected to serve from the conclusion of one General
Assembly to the conclusion of the next General Assembly.
1.2 The Board shall consist of the President, a first and second
Vice-President, Secretary General and Treasurer and eight Members.
1.3 At any meeting of the Board a majority of its members shall constitute a
quorum for the purpose of conducting business.
1.4 All members of the Board shall be eligible for re-election.
1.5 The President shall preside over the meetings of the Board and shall
represent EBU on all occasions.
1.6 If the President is absent from a meeting of the Board, the first
Vice-President or, in his absence, the second Vice-President, shall preside
over it. In the absence of the President and both Vice-Presidents, a member
elected by the Board shall preside over the meeting.
1.7 The President or the Board may invite any person to attend either one
meeting or Board meetings generally.
1.8 If, during a work period, a vacancy occurs in the membership of the
Board it shall be filled by a postal vote of all national members on the
basis of nominations submitted by national members to the chair of the
Nominations Committee and the report of the Nominations Committee.
1.9 If, during a work period, a national member decides to withdraw its
support of a Member of the Board and notifies such decision in writing to
the Secretary General, or if a member of the Board submits his resignation
in writing to the Secretary General, such Member of the Board shall
forthwith vacate office.
1.10 No person shall be eligible for membership of the Board unless they are
blind or partially-sighted.
Section 2 -- Powers
2.1 The Board shall have power to do and authorize any action not
specifically reserved for the General Assembly.
2.2 The Board shall be responsible for interpreting and carrying into effect
the general policies of EBU.
2.3 Questions which in the opinion of the Board lie outside its powers may
if the Board so decides be determined by a postal vote of all national
members.
2.4 The Board may from time to time make, amend or revoke byelaws and/or
standing orders for facilitating the carrying into effect of the provisions
of this constitution and the policies adopted under it, but in the event of
a conflict between the provisions of this constitution and such byelaws or
standing orders, the provisions of this constitution shall prevail. Standing
orders shall ensure fairness and transparency in voting procedures.
Section 3 -- Meetings and voting
The Board shall meet at least twice a year at times and places to be determined by it. Any decision of the Board may be reached by a simple majority of the votes of those present and voting. Abstentions will be ignored when counting votes. In the event of an equal vote, the President shall have the casting vote.
Section 4 -- The Secretary General
4.1 The Secretary General shall ensure that proper minutes are kept of
meetings of the General Assembly and of the Board.
4.2 The Secretary General shall ensure that all notices required to be given
to members of EBU are properly given.
4.3 The Board shall prepare a job description setting out such additional
duties for the Secretary General as it deems appropriate.
Section 5 -- Powers of Officers
5.1 "Officers" means the President, the first and second Vice-Presidents,
Secretary General and Treasurer.
5.2 Between meetings of the Board, the Officers may take decisions on issues
requiring immediate action. The Officers may act by a majority vote and may
either meet or reach their decision by telephone or correspondence. In the
event of an equality of votes, the President shall have a casting vote.
5.3 All decisions and action taken by the Officers shall be reported to the
next meeting of the Board.
ARTICLE VI -- COMMISSIONS, COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS
Section 1 -- Commissions
1.1 The Board may appoint such commissions as it deems necessary to carry
out such duties as it may delegate to them.
1.2 The Board shall appoint a chairman and vice-chairman for each
commission, as well as the members of the commission.
1.3 A commission may, subject to the approval of the Board, co-opt any
person or persons who may be of help to them in discharging the duties
delegated to them.
1.4 The Board may authorize any commission to raise money for the purpose of
carrying out duties delegated to it and to expend the money in such a way as
the Board may approve. In particular, the Board may permit a commission to
hold and deal with funds which might otherwise have been held and dealt with
by the Treasurer, but provided always that the commission will provide the
Treasurer with accounts at the end of each calendar year showing what moneys
have been received and how they have been expended. If the Board authorizes
a commission to raise funds, it shall require the commission to seek the
approval of the national member for any country in which the funds are to be
raised, and not to raise funds without such approval.
Section 2 -- Committees
The Board may appoint such committees as it deems necessary to carry out such duties as it may delegate to them.
Section 3 -- Working Groups
The Board may appoint such working groups as it deems necessary to carry out such duties as it may delegate to them. It may approve the appointment by commissions of working groups for similar purposes.
Section 4 -- Powers of Commissions, Committees and Working Groups
The powers of commissions, committees and working groups shall be set out in guidelines and terms of reference prepared by the Board.
Section 5 -- the Nominations Committee
5.1 The Nominations Committee shall consist of a Chairman and four other
members, elected by the General Assembly.
5.2 If a member of the Nominations Committee wishes to seek election by the
General Assembly to any office (other than membership of the Nominations
Committee) he shall forthwith resign his membership of the Nominations
Committee. Any vacancy in the membership of the Nominations Committee
arising from such resignation shall be filled by the Board.
Section 6 -- Credentials Committee
6.1 No later than six months before the date of the opening of the general
assembly, the Board shall appoint a Credentials Committee ("the Committee"),
consisting of a Chair and not more than four other members. The Chair may be
a member of the Board.
6.2 The Committee shall be responsible for informing the General Assembly,
at its opening session, of the number of accredited national delegates
present, and of the total number of votes which can be cast when voting
takes place.
6.3 It shall advise the Board how to resolve disputes regarding:
6.3.1 The right of an individual to participate in EBU activities as a delegate of a national member (EBU activities includes attendance and voting at General Assemblies and any other activity which involves the exercise of the rights of a delegate).
6.3.2 What action the Board should take if the composition of a delegation does not comply with paragraph 2,1 of Article IV, Section 2 (gender balance).
6.4 The Committee will meet as and when its chair or the EBU President
considers it necessary for it to do so. It may meet face-to-face or by
telephone conference call, or may reach its decisions by email discussion. A
quorum shall be three of its members. In case of an equality of votes the
Chair shall have a casting vote.
6.5 If it appears to the Secretary General that it is likely that a
delegation will not comply with paragraph 2.1 of Article IV, Section 2,
he/she shall forthwith inform the Chair of the Committee. The Chair shall
forthwith inform the person who appears to be the senior member of the
delegation that there appears to be a breach of the gender balance
provision, and will invite him/her to make representations on behalf of the
delegation why sanctions should not be applied. The person so notified shall
within fourteen days submit any representations the delegation wishes to
make to the Chair of the Committee. The Chair shall forthwith circulate
those representations to the members of the Committee. The Committee shall
meet and decide whether or not it should advise the Board to impose
sanctions.
6.6 In deciding what advice to give to the Board the Committee shall take
account of all the circumstances of the case, including the representations
made to it by the delegation and in particular the difficulties which may
arise if all members of a delegation are not selected by one organization.
6.7 In giving its advice the Committee may propose that a delegation shall
be deprived of one or more of its votes and how any remaining vote or votes
should be distributed among the members of the delegation. It shall not
advise any other sanction.
6.8 The Committee shall submit its advice to the Board in time for it to be
considered at the meeting of the Board immediately before the opening of the
General Assembly. The chair shall send a copy of the Committee's advice to
the senior member of the delegation.
6.9 The Board may accept, modify or reject the Committee's advice. If it
accepts or modifies the advice, it may impose the sanction as accepted or
modified and give such consequential directions as may be appropriate. The
Board's decision shall be final. It shall be notified to the senior member
of the delegation concerned, and shall be reported to the General Assembly.
ARTICLE VII -- FINANCE
Section 1 -- Financial Year
The financial year of EBU shall end on 31 December in any calendar year.
Section 2 -- Membership Contribution
2.1 The membership contribution for any financial year determined by the
General Assembly shall be payable by no later than 30 June in that year.
2.2 If a membership contribution is not paid by the due date the Board may
determine that interest shall be payable in respect of it for the period
from 1 July in that year onwards.
2.3 Non-payment of contributions
2.3.1 If it appears to the Board at its meeting immediately before the opening of a General Assembly that a national member is not in good standing, that is to say, that it is in arrears with its contributions, the Board may deprive that national member's delegation of one or more of its votes and may give such consequential directions as may be appropriate.
2.3.2 If at any other time it appears to the Board that a national member is not in good standing, the Board may impose such sanctions as the circumstances of the case may require:
Provided that in either case the Board shall first enquire of the national member the reason for non-payment and shall not take any action unless no reason, or no reason satisfactory to the Board, is given.
Section 3 -- Accounts
It shall be the duty of the Treasurer at all times to keep proper books
showing the income and expenditure of EBU (other than income and expenditure
under the sole control of a Commission). Such accounts shall be audited
annually by an auditor appointed by the General Assembly.
A statement showing the income and expenditure and balance sheet of assets
and liabilities of EBU shall be published as soon as possible after the end
of each financial year. The Board shall cause a copy of such accounts to be
sent to each national member.
Section 4 -- President's Powers
Between meetings of the Board the President may in exceptional circumstances authorise the payment of expenses out of EBU funds within a limit set by the Board.
Section 5 -- Financial Policy
The Board shall, so far as reasonably practicable, ensure that annual
expenditure does not exceed annual income and that proper reserves are
maintained to meet future contingencies:
Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent the Board from
authorising expenditure in excess of income if the Board considers that such
expenditure is in the interests of EBU.
ARTICLE VIII -- AMENDMENTS AND DISSOLUTION
Section 1 -- Amendments
1.1 This Constitution may be amended at any meeting of the General Assembly.
1.2 Any proposal for a constitutional amendment must be in the hands of the
Secretary General at least three months before the date of the meeting of
the General Assembly at which it is to be moved.
1.3 Any amendment must be proposed by at least two national members or by
the Board.
1.4 A motion proposing an amendment must be passed by a two-thirds majority
of those present and voting at the meeting of the General Assembly.
Abstentions shall be ignored when counting votes.
1.5 Any amendment shall come into operation at the time stated in the motion
proposing it.
Section 2 -- Dissolution
2.1 EBU may be dissolved at any meeting of the General Assembly.
2.2 Any proposal to dissolve the EBU must be in the hands of the Secretary
General at least three months before the date of the meeting of the General
Assembly at which it is to be moved.
2.3 A proposal to dissolve EBU may be made either by the Board or by at
least ten national members.
2.4 A motion proposing the dissolution of EBU must be passed by a two-thirds
majority of those present and voting at the meeting of the General Assembly.
Abstentions shall be ignored when counting votes.
2.5 If so provided in the motion proposing the dissolution, three persons
may be appointed to supervise the distribution of any surplus assets of EBU.
ARTICLE IX -- MISCELLANEOUS
Section 1 -- Meetings, decisions and modes of communication
1.1 Meetings of the Board and of bodies it appoints may be face-to-face or
by video link, tele-conference or other similar means. Written agendas and
supporting papers, together with reports of proceedings, will be circulated
as appropriate. Decisions of the board and of other bodies will be valid
whatever method of holding the meeting is adopted.
1.2 Communications from and to the Board and to and from any body it
appoints may be sent by pre-paid ordinary post, by fax, by electronic mail
or by other similar means:
Provided that in the case of the use of fax, electronic mail or other
similar means the recipient is assured of receiving it.
Section 2 -- Notices
Any notice required to be given to an officer or member of the Union shall
be properly given if sent by pre-paid post to his/her/their last-known
address or by fax, by electronic mail or by other similar means:
Provided that in the case of the use of fax, electronic mail or other
similar means the recipient is assured of receiving it.
Section 3 -- Execution of Documents
3.1 Any document required to be executed by EBU shall be properly executed
by being signed by the President.
3.2 Any document required to be executed by EBU in relation to its Office
shall be properly executed if signed by the President or the Secretary
General.
3.3 Any document relating to the Bank Account or investments of EBU shall be
properly executed if signed by the Treasurer.